Jumat, Juni 01, 2012

Tugas Bahasa Inggris (Passive Voice)


Passive Voice

v Passive Voice digunakan ketika subject menunjukan pada orang atau benda yang menerima tindakan (baik pelakunya diketahui ataupun tidak).
v Kalimat aktif bisa diubah menjadi pasif dengan syarat kalimat aktif tersebuttransitive yaitu kalimat yang kata kerjanya membutuhkan obyek.
v Contoh kalimat yang pelakunya tidak diketahui :
-    This House was built in 1920
v Contoh kalimat pasif yang pelakunya diketahui;
-    This house was built by my grandfather.
(yang membangun diketahui, yaitu my grandfather)

Ø Tense Conjugation in Passive Voice

1.  Simple Present
Perlu di ingat, simple present adalah untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang bersifat rutin, tidak berubah, kebenaran umum kebiasaan ataupun saran.

- Rumus dalam Aktive Sentence
S
V1 (+s/es)
[C]

-    Rumus dalam Passive Sentence
S
To Be
V3
I
am
V3
You/We/They
are
V3
He/She/It
is
V3

Example :
[ACTIVE] – Somebody cleans this room every day.
[PASSIVE] – This room is cleaned every day.

2.  Past Tense
Past tense digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah lampau

-    Rumus dalam Active Sentence
S
V2
[C]

-    Rumus untuk Passive Sentence
S
To Be
V3
I/She/He/It
was
V3
You/We/They
were
V3

Example :
[ACTIVE] – Somebody cleaned this room yesterday.
[PASSIVE] – This room was cleaned yesterday.

3.  Present Continous Tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang dilakukan (sementara) dan cepat atau lambat pasti akan berhenti.

-    Rumus Active Sentence
S
am/is/are
V ing

-    Rumus Passive Sentence
S
To Be
Being
V3
I
am
being
V3
You/We/They
are
being
V3
He/She/It
is
being
V3

Example :
[ACTIVE] – Somebody is cleaning this room right now.
   [PASSIVE] – The room is being cleaned right now.


4.  Present Perfect Tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sudah terjadi atau sudah selesai dikerjakan tetapi kita tidak tahu kapan terjadinya karena kita baru mengetahuinya sekarang.

-    Rumus Active Setences
S
has/have
V3
[C]

-    Rumus Passive Sentences
S
Have / has
Been
V3
I/You/We/ They
have
been
V3
He/She/It
has
been
V3

Example :
[ACTIVE] – The room looks nice. Somebody has cleaned it.
[PASSIVE] – The room looks nice. It has been cleaned

5.  Past Perfect Tense
Menunjukan kegiatan yang sudah selesai dimasa lampau. Bedanya dengan Past Tense, Past Perfect Tense lebih lampau daripada Past Tense. Maka dari itu, biasanya dalam penulisan Past Perfect digabung dengan Past Tense dengan menggunakan kata After ataupun Before.
-    Rumus Active Sentence
S
had
V3
[C]

-    Rumus Passive Sentence
I/You/He/She/It/We/They
had
been
V3
Example :
[ACTIVE] – The room looked much better. Somebody had
                 cleaned it.
[PASSIVE] – The room looked much better. It had been cleaned.

6.  Present Future
Menyatakan peristiwa atau aktivitas yang akan dilakukan dimasa mendatang.
-    Rumus Active Sentence
S
Will
V1

-    Rumus Passive Sentence
I/You/He/She/It/We/They
Will
be
V3

Example
[ACTIVE] – Joko will visit his friend
[PASSIVE] – His friend will be visited by Joko

7.  Past Continous Tense
Berarti sedang lampau. Dalam aplikasinya biasanya di gabung dengan Past tense mengunakan kata penghubung When.

-    Rumus Active Sentence
S
Was/were
V ing

-    Passive Sentence
I/He/She/It
Was
being
V3
You/We/They
Were
being
V3

Example :
[ACTIVE] – Fahmi was studying english at eight last night
[PASSIVE] – English was being studied by Fahmi at eight last night.







Ø Kalimat yang mengandung kata Born
Harus diingat Born adalah kata pasif dan selalu sudah terjadi (past)
       Example :
-    Where were you born? (Dimana kamu lahir?)
    Bukan ~Are you born? (Apakah kamu lahir?)
-    I was born in Chicago (Aku lahir di Chicago)
Bukan ~I am born (Aku sedang lahir)

Ø Passive Voice with Two Object
Jika kalimat aktif mempunyai dua obyek, maka kita bisa mengubahnya menjadi kalimat pasif dengan dua cara.
Example 1 ® The Guide will show you the Museum.
Kalimat diatas bisa diubah menjadi kalimat pasif ;
® The Museum will be shown to you by the guide.
Dan juga
       ®You will be shown the Museum by the guide.
Example 2 ® They didn’t offer Ann the job.
Pasif menjadi ® Ann wasn’t offered the job. 
                         ® The job wasn’t offered to Ann.

Ø The Causative Passive Voice
Jika dalam keadaan passive voice sesuatu dilakukan pada subyek, maka dalam causative passive sesuatu dilakukan pada obyek.
       Misal contoh dalam bahasa Indonesia.
® Saya akan potong rambut.
Diterjemahkan ® I will cut my hair [SALAH]
Karena kita meminta seseorang untuk memotong rambut kita sehingga terjemah yang benar ® I will have my hair cut.

Pola kalimat Causative Passive adalah

Have / Get + object + past principle

Part 3
Language Preference

1. Making a request (meminta bantuan)
-    Help!  ~ tolong!
-    Help me! ~ tolong aku!
-    Can you give me some help with this? ~ dapatkah anda memberikan bantuan kepada saya.
-    Could you give me a hand? ~ bisakah anda membantu saya?
-    Would you mind watching this for me a few minute? ~ Bisakah anda mengawasi ini untuk saya dalam beberapa menit?
2. Making an Offers (menawarkan bantuan)
-    Can I help you? ~ Bisakah saya bantu?
-    Need some help? ~ Butuh pertolongan?
-    Can I give you a hand? ~ Bisakah saya bantu?
-    Need a hand? ~ Butuh bantuan?
-    Let me help you with that. ~ Biarkan saya membantu anda.
3. Thanking (Ucapan Terima kasih)
-    Thanks ~ terima kasih
-    Thank you ~ terima kasih
-    Thank you for calling ~ Terima kasih telah menghubungi
-    That was very kind of you ~ Anda baik sekali.
-    It was very nice of you to help me ~ Sangat baik sekali anda menolong saya.
-    How can I ever thank you? ~ Bagaimana saya mengungkapkan terima kasih?
4. Responding to Thanks (Respon ucapan terima kasih)
-    You’re welcome
-    It’s O.K
-    Don’t mention it ~ Tak jadi apa / Tak masalah
-    That’s quite all right ~ Sama sekali tak apa-apa
-    Thank you
-    No need to thank you ~ Tak perlu berterima kasih
-    It was my pleasure ~ Itu sebuah kegembiraan bagi saya

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